Antibody and T-cell Responses in Mpox Patients with Advanced HIV

Nguyen Thi Thu Hong describes antibody and T cell responses to monkeypox (MPX) in people with advanced HIV in Vietnam. Researchers found that individuals with advanced HIV (CD4 lesser than 200) exhibited significantly lower T cell and antibody responses compared to controls, highlighting their vulnerability to severe infection and poor outcomes. Both CD4 and CD8 T cells contributed to interferon-gamma and TNF-alpha production, with CD4 cells showing higher polyfunctional activity. Importantly, while immune responses declined over time, antibodies remained detectable up to six months post-diagnosis, providing insight into the durability of immunity in this high-risk population.