ProArray™ Custom Peptide Microarrays

ProArray™ peptide library microarrays are ideal for high throughput sequence mapping of protein-protein interactions, including mapping of antibody epitopes, receptor ligand interaction studies, and profiling major enzyme classes such as kinases, phosphatases, and proteases.

Array Analysis Service

ProArray™ Applications

Custom Peptides

Peptide Libraries

Pre-mixed Peptide Pools

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ProArray™ delivers between fifty and ten of thousands of peptides immobilized in array format on glass slides.  They are printed in three identical sub-arrays to ensure intra-chip reproducibility.

Fig1: ProArray™ conceptual layout; (SA = sub-array)

The glass slides can be incubated with a single 500ul volume sample. This minimizes sample use and greatly simplifies measuring a large number of interactions simultaneously.

ProArray™ is compatible with standard microarray equipment, such as microarray readers.

High Density Multi-Copy Peptide Arrays for Protein Interaction Mapping

Scaleable peptide microarrays are a truly game-changing advancement in protein science. Drawing on the scalability of DNA microarray technology, peptide arrays deliver speed, throughput and consistency in proteomics, which has traditionally been hampered by sluggish and highly manual laboratory techniques.

Peptides are first synthesized as a peptide library and subsequently printed on standard reader compatible microarray glass slides in triplicate subarrays. The peptide immobilization process ensures that only full-length peptides are attached to the slide via a linker at the N-terminus. The linker provides sufficient spacing to conserve the accessibility and activity of residues at the N-terminus.

Up to 100,000 peptides can currently be spotted on a ProArray™, which means that even if you are studying dozens of proteins you can get fast, consistent results for all of them screened against a single sample. Additionally, 200 copies of the same array can be printed from a single peptide library, enabling a study of up to 200 donors in a cohort in a single screening project. Our process delivers unrivalled flexibility, throughput and value. ProArrays™ on glass slides are compatible with standard microarray reading equipment, making protein exploration with this method the logical next-step following investigation of genes using DNA arrays.

Peptide arrays are faster to make and are more cost effective than whole protein arrays. The chemical synthesis method ensures a higher batch-to-batch reproducibility, leading to better validation and standardization for use in immune monitoring assays in clinical trials. Additionally, ProArrays™ can accommodate peptides with modifications such as phosphorylation, or non-natural amino acids such as citrulline, and are more stable than protein arrays, allowing storage over a longer period.

Strengths of the ProArray™ Technology

• Scaleable technology for immobilizing thousands of peptides per array

• Immobilize peptide scans of 10s to 100s of proteins on a single array, such as an entire viral proteome

• Avoids problems with recombinant protein expression and protein purification

• High content testing format that can easily be standardized

• Save your samples - only 500ul of e.g. 1/100 diluted sera required per array

• Arrays printed in triplicate sub-arrays with controls

• Pre-treated surface minimizes non-specific binding and avoids need for separate blocking

• Compatible with standard microarray processing / scanning equipment

• Up to 200 arrays printed with one peptide library synthesis

• Long term storage possible, compatible with longitudinal studies

• Highly controllable peptide synthesis technology avoids the recovery, consistency and stability problems encountered with arrays of purified or recombinant proteins

• Turnaround in only approx. 3 weeks for mid-scale projects

• Compatible with standard ELISA protocols

ProArray™ Customer Service and Support

For every ProArray™-based project our technical team is on hand to help with array design, printing and analysis options. Our application scientists are able to understand your objectives and help you plan your entire experimental strategy.

ProArray™ Analysis Service

Instead of providing ProArrays to you for analysis we can also carry out all laboratory analysis work for you with your samples, saving you time, and the effort of setting up assays in your lab.

Service Elements:

• Control incubation of microarray with secondary antibody alone

• Target incubation, detection and quantification of signals:

• Incubation of peptide membrane or microarray with one primary antibody or protein at one concentration

• Incubation with secondary antibody

• Quantification of signals for each peptide;
  digitalization and Microsoft Excel-documentation of results;
  assignment of signal to corresponding peptide sequences;
  evaluation of results

• Comprehensive summary report of results

ProArray™ Applications

Antigen and Epitope Discovery

• Linear continuous and linear discontinuous B cell epitope mapping
• Scanning of multiple antigens, e.g. for sub-unit vaccine discovery

Immune Monitoring

• Standardized high content format for measuring antibody responses.

ProArray™ peptide microarrays allow you to map interaction hotspots in a series of proteins, or study an entire viral genome at once, and correlate outcome with reactivity, whether for a single time-point or in a longitudinal study.

The ProArray™ technology allows whole proteomes to be spotted onto slides, which the user can then screen with donor samples from different disease states for the systematic identification of peptide biomarkers. Smaller, focused arrays can then be made for the hits from the proteome screening process, for immune monitoring purposes or research into antibody therapeutics or vaccines.

• Antigen discovery for sub-unit vaccines:
  Screen tens or hundreds of proteins for antigen hot spots on a single array.

• Clinical immune monitoring of vaccine responses:
  Convenient immune monitoring of hundreds of serum or plasma samples using replicate arrays. A single peptide synthesis run will make arrays sufficient for longitudinal studies extending over months and even years if peptides are stored correctly.

• Measuring the immunogenicity of biologics in the clinic or in pre-clinical research:
  As with monitoring vaccine responses, hundreds of individuals can be monitored quickly and conveniently and the position of anti-drug antibody (ADA) interaction sites can be elucidated at the same time.

• Correlating reactivity to autoantigens to onset, progression and outcome of disease:
  In many autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid diseases, the number of known or suspected relevant autoantigens ranges from a handful to a few dozen. ProArray™ allows monitoring of responses to all of these antigens on a single microarray, and hundreds of serum samples can be tested with arrays made from a single peptide synthesis run.

• Investigating epitope spreading and shifting:
  Epitope spreading or epitope shifting occurs in many diseases, such as infections and autoimmunity. Immune responses that focus on one or more specific target proteins may spread or shift in their specificity over time. ProArrays™ allow the profiling of antibody responses linked with a disease or condition, and can help understand the reasons for and mechanisms of epitope spreading and shifting, both on the same protein and between different proteins. Since all of the sequence portions of many proteins can be immobilized on a single ProArray™, any change in the sequence position of responses between samples will be automatically resolved in the experimental results. Enzyme Interaction Profiling

Enzyme Interaction Profiling

• Elucidation of signal transduction pathways
• Optimization of known enzyme substrates
• Identification of orphan enzymes
• Detection of contaminating enzymes

thinkpeptides is a brand of ProImmune